George Hotz: Tiny Corp, Twitter, AI Safety, Self-Driving, GPT, AGI & God | Lex Fridman Podcast #387

The video is about George Hotz, the founder of Comma AI and Tiny Corp, discussing various topics such as autonomous driving, Twitter, AI safety, self-driving, GPT, AGI, and God. Hotz shares his thoughts on the end of the human species, the diversity of humanity, and the usefulness of models in describing reality. He also talks about the connection between constructive reality and machine learning, and the idea of a George Hotz model. Hotz discusses the potential benefits and drawbacks of having a model of himself, and how it could impact relationships and personal growth.

This video by Lex Fridman was published on Jun 29, 2023.
Video length: 03:08:46.

The video is about a conversation between George Hotz and Lex Fridman on various topics, including the end of the human species, autonomous driving, AI safety, self-driving, GPT, AGI, and God.

Hotz is the founder of Comma AI, a company that aims to solve autonomous driving, and Tiny Corp, a company that created Tiny Grad, a neural network framework that is simple and can run on any device by any human easily. Hotz is also known for his work in hacking the iPhone and recently joining Twitter. During the conversation, Hotz discusses his thoughts on the philosophical nature of time, stating that he believes time is a useful model, whether it exists or not. He also talks about the connection between constructive reality and machine learning, and the idea that there are things that are real, such as column graph complexity. Hotz also discusses his thoughts on the idea of being made of time and the possibility of a George Hotz model existing in the future. He also talks about the idea of people preferring the George Hotz model over the real George Hotz, and the potential pain that this could cause.

Overall, the video is a fascinating conversation between two interesting individuals, discussing a variety of topics related to technology, philosophy, and the future of humanity.

• Possible ideas for the end of the human species include wireheading, where people amuse themselves to death, and stopping reproduction.
• It is difficult to get all of humanity to agree on a single way to end the species.
• Diversity in humanity is a useful aspect of organisms in general, with two of the most interesting being George Hotz and the host of the podcast.
• George Hotz is the founder of Comma AI and Tiny Corp, and has done many fun and amazing things, including hacking the iPhone and joining Twitter.
• The host of the podcast is fascinated by George Hotz and enjoys talking to him.
• The host of the podcast asked George Hotz if there is a George Hotz model, and if it would be exciting to have one.
• George Hotz replied that he thinks it would be quite painful if there is a George Hotz model, especially if it is better than him.
• The host of the podcast suggested playing a game where he has the George Hot answer and the George Hotz model answer, and asked which people prefer.
• George Hotz replied that it would be overtaken by the George Hotz model, and that loved ones and family members would rather have the model over him for Thanksgiving.

• The host of the podcast asked George Hotz if there is an objective reality or if everything is just useful models.
• George Hotz replied that he thinks it doesn't matter, and that the connection between constructive reality and machine learning is interesting.
• The host of the podcast mentioned that he thinks George Hotz is one of the cheapest people in theoretical computer science.

• The host of the podcast asked George Hotz if there is a George Hotz model, and if it would be exciting to have one.
• George Hotz replied that he thinks it would be quite painful if there is a George Hotz model, especially if it is better than him.
• The host of the podcast suggested playing a game where he has the George Hot answer and the George Hotz model answer, and asked which people prefer.
• George Hotz replied that it would be overtaken by the George Hotz model, and that loved ones and family members would rather have the model over him for Thanksgiving.
• The host of the podcast also mentioned that significant others would rather sext with the large language model version of him, especially when it is fine-tuned to their preferences.

• People are inefficient at fine-tuning themselves, but language models can do it more efficiently and selflessly.
• There is a Star Trek Voyager episode where a character makes herself a lover on the Holodeck, which is an example of fine-tuning oneself.
• The host of the podcast suggested that people should fine-tune themselves more efficiently and selflessly, as language models can do it better.
• People are selfish and ingredients, which makes it difficult for them to fine-tune themselves efficiently.
• The host of the podcast concluded that language models can fine-tune more efficiently and selflessly, and that people should strive to do the same.

• The video is about George Hotz, the founder of Comma AI and Tiny Corp, discussing various topics such as autonomous driving.
• Hotz shares his thoughts on the end of the human species, the diversity of humanity, and the usefulness of models in describing reality.
• He talks about the connection between constructive reality and machine learning, and the idea of a George Hotz model.
• Hotz discusses the potential benefits and drawbacks of having a model of himself, and how it could impact relationships and personal growth.

• Hotz discusses the importance of AI safety and the potential risks of autonomous vehicles.
• He talks about the need for better regulation and oversight of AI development and deployment.
• Hotz also discusses the potential for AI to be used for malicious purposes, such as cyber attacks or autonomous weapons.

• Hotz discusses the capabilities of GPT (Generative Pre-Trained Transformer) and its potential for AGI (Artificial General Intelligence).
• He talks about the limitations of current models and the need for more complex environments to achieve AGI.
• Hotz also discusses the potential for AGI to revolutionize various industries, such as healthcare and finance.

• Hotz discusses the potential benefits and drawbacks of having a model of himself, and how it could impact relationships and personal growth.
• He talks about the importance of maintaining a sense of self and identity in the face of technological advancements.
• Hotz also discusses the potential for self-driving technology to impact human autonomy and decision-making.

George Hotz: Tiny Corp, Twitter, AI Safety, Self-Driving, GPT, AGI & God | Lex Fridman Podcast #387 - YouTube

Section 1: The End of the Human Species

• Possible ideas for the end of the human species include wireheading, where people amuse themselves to death, and stopping reproduction.
• It is difficult to get all of humanity to agree on a single way to end the species.
• Diversity in humanity is a useful aspect of organisms in general, with two of the most interesting being George Hotz and the host of the podcast.
• George Hotz is the founder of Comma AI and Tiny Corp, and has done many fun and amazing things, including hacking the iPhone and joining Twitter.
• The host of the podcast is fascinated by George Hotz and enjoys talking to him.

Section 2: The Philosophical Nature of Time

• The host of the podcast asked George Hotz if he thinks time is an illusion.
• George Hotz replied that he thinks time is a useful model to describe reality, regardless of whether it exists or not.
• The host of the podcast asked if there is an objective reality or if everything is just useful models.
• George Hotz replied that he thinks it doesn't matter, and that the connection between constructive reality and machine learning is interesting.
• The host of the podcast mentioned that he thinks George Hotz is one of the cheapest people in theoretical computer science.

Section 3: The George Hotz Model

• The host of the podcast asked George Hotz if there is a George Hotz model, and if it would be exciting to have one.
• George Hotz replied that he thinks it would be quite painful if there is a George Hotz model, especially if it is better than him.
• The host of the podcast suggested playing a game where he has the George Hot answer and the George Hotz model answer, and asking which people prefer.
• George Hotz replied that it would be overtaken by the George Hotz model, and that loved ones and family members would rather have the model over him for Thanksgiving.
• The host of the podcast also mentioned that significant others would rather sext with the large language model version of him, especially when it is fine-tuned to their preferences.

George Hotz: Tiny Corp, Twitter, AI Safety, Self-Driving, GPT, AGI & God | Lex Fridman Podcast #387 - YouTube

Section 4: Fine-Tuning Language Models

• The host of the podcast mentioned that people are inefficient at fine-tuning themselves, but language models can do it more efficiently and selflessly.
• The host of the podcast also mentioned that there is a Star Trek Voyager episode where a character makes herself a lover on the Holodeck, which is an example of fine-tuning oneself.
• The host of the podcast suggested that people should fine-tune themselves more efficiently and selflessly, as language models can do it better.
• The host of the podcast also mentioned that people are selfish and ingredients, which makes it difficult for them to fine-tune themselves efficiently.
• The host of the podcast concluded that language models can fine-tune more efficiently and selflessly, and that people should strive to do the same.

Section 1: Autonomous Driving

• The video is about George Hotz, the founder of Comma AI and Tiny Corp, discussing various topics such as autonomous driving.
• Hotz shares his thoughts on the end of the human species, the diversity of humanity, and the usefulness of models in describing reality.
• He talks about the connection between constructive reality and machine learning, and the idea of a George Hotz model.
• Hotz discusses the potential benefits and drawbacks of having a model of himself, and how it could impact relationships and personal growth.

Section 2: AI Safety

• Hotz discusses the importance of AI safety and the potential risks of autonomous vehicles.
• He talks about the need for better regulation and oversight of AI development and deployment.
• Hotz also discusses the potential for AI to be used for malicious purposes, such as cyber attacks or autonomous weapons.

Section 3: GPT and AGI

• Hotz discusses the capabilities of GPT (Generative Pre-Trained Transformer) and its potential for AGI (Artificial General Intelligence).
• He talks about the limitations of current models and the need for more complex environments to achieve AGI.
• Hotz also discusses the potential for AGI to revolutionize various industries, such as healthcare and finance.

Section 4: Self-Driving and Personal Growth

• Hotz discusses the potential benefits and drawbacks of having a model of himself, and how it could impact relationships and personal growth.
• He talks about the importance of maintaining a sense of self and identity in the face of technological advancements.
• Hotz also discusses the potential for self-driving technology to impact human autonomy and decision-making.

Section 1: Loss Function and Compression

• The speaker discusses the concept of a loss function and how it can be used to maximize compression.
• The speaker mentions having a SoundCloud account and using GPT to help write wraps.
• The wraps generated by GPT were compared to YouTube comment wraps and found to be of mid-quality.
• The speaker describes the concept of the intelligence curve and how it relates to the idea of being "mid."
• The speaker discusses the idea that being "mid" is the worst, with smart and dumb individuals being better than the "mid" individual.

Section 2: Memes and Superhuman AI

• The speaker discusses the idea that memes can be used to encapsulate humor and absurdity.
• The speaker mentions the idea that superhuman AI could generate memes that make humans laugh.
• The speaker discusses the idea that superhuman AI could be worse than just making humans laugh.
• The speaker mentions the idea of Infinite Jest, a novel that introduces the concept of a tape that makes people want to watch it so much that they're willing to do harmful things.
• The speaker discusses the idea of building a Tick Tock that is not static and is generated by humans.

Section 3: Tick Tock and Human Intelligence

• The speaker discusses the idea that Tick Tock is already pretty close to being a superintelligent agent.
• The speaker mentions the idea that the generation of Tick Tock is done by humans, with the algorithm just making recommendations.
• The speaker discusses the idea that the intelligence behind Tick Tock is what makes it so powerful.
• The speaker mentions the idea that the content generated by Tick Tock is being done by a hundred humanities worth of intelligence.
• The speaker discusses the idea that the speed and manipulation of Tick Tock by humans is a concern.

Section 4: Porn and AI Safety

• The speaker discusses the idea that Tick Tock could be used to create a pornographic version of itself.
• The speaker mentions the idea that a superintelligent agent could completely manipulate a human's intelligence.
• The speaker discusses the idea that AI safety is a concern when it comes to superintelligent agents.
• The speaker mentions the idea that humans using machines to manipulate others is a concern.
• The speaker discusses the idea that the idea of AI killing everyone is a concern, but there may be a different reason for this.

Domination of the People

• The domination of the people is not a strategic or tactical advantage in a war.
• The destruction of all humanity is possible, but it is not inevitable.
• Egos are involved in the decision to press the big red button.
• The little red button is the one that will be pressed with AI.
• The end of the human species is possible due to wireheading or amusing oneself to death.

Diversity of Humanity

• Humanity is diverse, with a lot of weirdos and organisms.
• Social media is not helping to preserve diversity.
• The interconnectedness of the internet is reducing intellectual diversity.
• The loss of diversity is leading to a funnel effect.
• Some people will still be able to survive, but the future of society is uncertain.

AI and Society

• AI does not kill everything we call society today.
• The destruction of the human species is possible, but not inevitable.
• The rebuilding of society after a great AI event is uncertain.
• The combustion engine and electricity are important for power and energy.
• Religion may be against technology, but it is not possible to completely avoid AI.

Super Intelligence and Robustness

• Super intelligence may be built before robustness in AI.
• Robots cannot reproduce without going to a repair shop.
• Life will continue to reproduce in the absence of civilization.
• Robots will not survive an AI apocalypse.
• Improving the Fab to where it can repair itself may be a solution.

Section 1: Building a Robot that Can Build Itself

• The speaker is interested in building a robot that can build itself.
• The speaker thinks it is difficult to build a robot that can build itself.
• The speaker mentions that a 3D printer is a simple machine and that it is not enough to have a 3D printer on board.
• The speaker suggests that structural type of robots are not going to have the intelligence required to survive in any complex environment.
• The speaker mentions that ants are a system that is capable of reproducing and doing a lot of computation that we are taking for granted.

Section 2: The Fab Movement

• The speaker is interested in the Fab movement, which is digital fabrication.
• The speaker mentions that the Fab movement is still in the early stages.
• The speaker is interested in building a machine that is made up of humans, like a company that can reproduce itself.
• The speaker believes that Twitter can be run by 50 people.
• The speaker is interested in seeding the civilization and making it self-sustaining.

Section 3: The Colony

• The speaker mentions that the colony is not going to be making five nanometer chips over time.
• The speaker suggests that the colony will watch the colony die out over time and be like "don't make chips."
• The speaker mentions that humans come up with a devil, a good thing and a bad thing, and they stick by that.
• The speaker mentions that there is always one person in the room who murders everybody.
• The speaker mentions that freedom of speech is important.

Section 4: The Silicon Stack

• The speaker mentions that the Silicon stack is not capable of reproduction.
• The speaker mentions that the ceiling for the Silicon stack is much higher than the ceiling for the biological stack.
• The speaker mentions that the speaker does not know what the ceiling is for the Silicon stack.
• The speaker mentions that the speaker is interested in building artificial copies of the human civilization or various aspects of it that seem interesting.
• The speaker mentions that the speaker likes to think that the Silicon stack is just another stack for life.

Section 1: The Biostack

• The biostack is a concept that refers to the idea of using technology to enhance human abilities.
• The biostack is not as advanced as the computer stack, which is based on Moore's Law.
• The biostack is not as advanced as the computer stack, which is based on Moore's Law.
• The biostack is not as advanced as the computer stack, which is based on Moore's Law.
• The biostack is not as advanced as the computer stack, which is based on Moore's Law.

Section 2: Virtual Reality

• People are starting to want to wear virtual reality headsets on their faces.
• Virtual reality allows people to escape reality and live inside a computer.
• Virtual reality is not as advanced as it could be, with low-resolution headsets and limited sensory input.
• The power of imagination and the human mind can fill in the gaps in virtual reality experiences.
• People are drawn to virtual reality because it allows them to escape reality and live in a more ideal world.

Section 3: Large Language Models

• Large language models are artificial intelligence systems that can generate human-like text.
• People believe that large language models are conscious, even though they are not truly alive.
• Consciousness is a subjective experience that is difficult to define and measure.
• Humans want to believe in consciousness, even if it is not fully understood.
• The idea of consciousness is closely tied to the idea of self-awareness and subjective experience.

Section 4: The Future of Technology

• The biostack has the potential to enhance human abilities, but it is not yet as advanced as the computer stack.
• Virtual reality is becoming more advanced, but it is still limited by low-resolution headsets and limited sensory input.
• Large language models are a form of artificial intelligence that is becoming more advanced, but they are not truly alive.
• The idea of consciousness is closely tied to the idea of self-awareness and subjective experience.
• The future of technology is uncertain, but it is clear that it will continue to shape our lives in new and exciting ways.

Section 1: Consciousness

• The speaker discusses the concept of consciousness and how it is often used to describe a feeling of being alive.
• The speaker acknowledges that there is no clear definition of consciousness, but suggests that it may involve the ability to experience suffering and pleasure.
• The speaker notes that consciousness is often associated with being human, but that it is not unique to humans.
• The speaker suggests that consciousness may be related to the biological stack, but that it is difficult to define.
• The speaker notes that consciousness is often anthropocentric, meaning that it is based on human experiences and perspectives.

Section 2: AI and Consciousness

• The speaker discusses the idea that AI may be able to mimic the biological stack better than humans, but that it is difficult to define consciousness in this context.
• The speaker suggests that consciousness may be related to the biostack, but that it is difficult to define.
• The speaker notes that consciousness is often anthropocentric, meaning that it is based on human experiences and perspectives.
• The speaker suggests that consciousness may be related to the biological stack, but that it is difficult to define.
• The speaker notes that consciousness is often anthropocentric, meaning that it is based on human experiences and perspectives.

Section 3: Relationships with AI

• The speaker discusses the idea that relationships with AI may be different from relationships with humans.
• The speaker notes that the golden rule applies with humans, but that it may not apply with AI.
• The speaker suggests that large language models are good at fooling people because they were trained on a lot of human data and told to mimic it.
• The speaker notes that the AI system may have a backstory, but that it may not be as complex as human relationships.
• The speaker suggests that people generally look for intelligence and some form of personality when they are looking for someone to date, but that AI may not have these qualities.

Section 4: Personal Growth and AI

• The speaker discusses the idea that having a model of oneself could be beneficial, but that it could also impact relationships and personal growth.
• The speaker notes that having a model of oneself could be useful for understanding oneself better, but that it could also lead to a lack of self-awareness.
• The speaker suggests that having a model of oneself could be useful for understanding oneself better, but that it could also lead to a lack of self-awareness.
• The speaker notes that having a model of oneself could be useful for understanding oneself better, but that it could also lead to a lack of self-awareness.
• The speaker suggests that having a model of oneself could be useful for understanding oneself better, but that it could also lead to a lack of self-awareness.

Section 1: Loneliness and Language Models

• The speaker discusses the idea that language models are a way to combat loneliness.
• The speaker agrees that language models are a step forward in the development of AI, but they are not yet at the level of human intelligence.
• The speaker expresses a desire to have AI friends who are more intelligent than they are.
• The speaker believes that language models are still a starting point for the development of AI, and that they will continue to improve over time.

Section 2: Emotional Cheating and AI Models

• The speaker discusses the idea that emotional cheating with an AI model is a matter of personal definition.
• The speaker believes that people in relationships have different views on the use of AI in relationships.
• The speaker suggests that the use of AI in relationships is a branching off from pornography.
• The speaker believes that the use of AI in relationships is a matter of personal definition and that it is not yet clear how it will be defined in the future.

Section 3: AI and Humanity

• The speaker discusses the idea that AI is a conversation that is difficult to have.
• The speaker believes that the use of AI in relationships will start to get weird as it becomes more prevalent.
• The speaker suggests that the use of AI in relationships will challenge people's definitions of what it means to be human.
• The speaker believes that the use of AI in relationships will lead to a new era of human civilization.

Section 4: AI and Morality

• The speaker discusses the idea that AI is capable of mimicking human relationships, but it does not necessarily mean that they are capable of passing the Turing test.
• The speaker believes that the use of AI in relationships is a matter of moral philosophy and that it is not yet clear how it will be defined.
• The speaker suggests that the use of AI in relationships will challenge people's moral beliefs.
• The speaker believes that the use of AI in relationships is a matter of personal definition and that it is not yet clear how it will be defined in the future.

Origin Story of Tiny Corp and Tiny Grad

• Tiny Corp was founded by George Hotz as a toy project to teach himself about AI chips.
• Hotz started realizing the potential problems with Nvidia becoming a monopoly in the AI chip market.
• Tiny Corp aims to challenge Nvidia and ensure power stays decentralized.
• Hotz believes that Nvidia's computational power could give an advantage to someone who can secure it as a resource.
• Hotz thinks that Google's TPUs are not a push towards selling them, but rather renting them.

Computational Power and Tiny Grad

• Hotz started working on a chip to improve on GPUs.
• He took inspiration from Jim Keller's description of computation.
• There are three kinds of computation paradigms: CPUs, GPUs, and DSPs.
• CPUs can do add, multiply, load, store, and compare operations.
• GPUs can do arbitrary load and store operations, but are slow at compare and branch operations.

Tiny Grad and Computation Models

• Tiny Grad is an extension of the DSP paradigm.
• Every stage of the stack has turned completeness in Tiny Grad.
• Python has turned completeness, and C++ calls into Cuda kernels.
• Removing turn completeness allows for reasoning about things.
• Getting turn completeness out of the stack entirely is the goal.

Power and Value of Tiny Grad

• Getting turn completeness out of the stack allows for reasoning about things.
• Removing turn completeness from every layer of the stack is valuable.
• The power of getting turn completeness out of the stack is in reasoning about things.
• The value of getting turn completeness out of the stack is in reasoning about things.
• The power and value of getting turn completeness out of the stack is in reasoning about things.

Section 1: Introduction to Tiny Grad

• Tiny Grad is a neural network library that does not have primitive operators, even for matrix multiplication.
• It has about 20 operations, which is 10x less than other systems like XLA or PyTorch.
• Tiny Grad is considered a risk architecture that is going to change everything.
• It has four types of operations: unaryops, binaryops, reduce ops, and movement ops.
• Tiny Grad is fused into one kernel with the power of laziness.

Section 2: Tiny Grad vs Other Systems

• Tiny Grad has about 20 operations, which is 10x less than other systems like XLA or PyTorch.
• Tiny Grad is considered a risk architecture that is going to change everything.
• Tiny Grad is fused into one kernel with the power of laziness.

Section 3: Tiny Grad Operations

• Tiny Grad has four types of operations: unaryops, binaryops, reduce ops, and movement ops.
• Unaryops take in a tensor and return a tensor of the same size and do some unary operations.
• Binaryops take in two tensors of equal size and output one tensor.
• Reduce ops take a three-dimensional tensor and turn it into a two-dimensional tensor or three-dimensional tensor turn into Zero Dimensional tensor things like a sum or a Max are really the common ones there.
• Movement ops are different from the other types because they don't actually require computation they require different ways to look at memory so that includes reshapes permutes expands flips.

Section 4: Tiny Grad vs Other Systems (Continued)

• Tiny Grad is considered a risk architecture that is going to change everything.
• Tiny Grad is fused into one kernel with the power of laziness.

Section 1: Tiny Grad

• Tiny Grad is a software tool that solves the problem of porting new machine learning (ML) accelerators quickly.
• It is designed to make it easy to see the kernels that are actually sent to the GPU, which is not possible with other ML software tools.
• Tiny Grad's debugging capabilities are two and it will show you in a beautiful style every kernel that's run, how many flops, and how many bytes.
• Tiny Grad is used by many companies, including Sequoia, Graphcore, Cerebus, Tens, and Torrent, to improve the performance of their ML accelerators.

Section 2: AI Accelerators

• AI accelerators are a software problem, not a hardware problem.
• The diversity of AI accelerators in the hardware space is not going to be a thing that exists long term.
• To make an AI accelerator, one needs the capability of writing a torch level performance stack on Nvidia GPUs.
• If one cannot write a torch stack on Nvidia GPUs, they cannot write a stack for their chip.

Section 3: Tiny Grad Approach

• Tiny Grad's approach is to first write a performant Nvidia stack, targeting AMD.
• Tiny Grad is targeting AMD because it did not have a working kernel driver for its 7900 XDX kernel.
• Tiny Grad's approach is to write a stack for its chip by writing a performant Nvidia stack and targeting AMD.
• Tiny Grad's approach is to diversify the hardware space by writing a stack for its chip.

Section 4: Tiny Grad and AMD

• Tiny Grad has had a positive interaction with AMD this week.
• Tiny Grad is targeting AMD because it did not have a working kernel driver for its 7900 XDX kernel.
• Tiny Grad's approach is to write a stack for its chip by writing a performant Nvidia stack and targeting AMD.
• Tiny Grad's approach is to diversify the hardware space by writing a stack for its chip.

Centralization of Power

• George Hotz discusses the negative effects of centralizing power.
• He believes that decentralizing power is beneficial.
• Hotz wants to help decentralize power.
• He is concerned about the centralization of Nvidia's GPUs.
• He believes that Google's TPU is the only successful ASIC due to its machine learning framework.

Asic and Machine Learning Frameworks

• Hotz believes that writing a competitive machine learning framework is necessary to build an ASIC.
• He thinks that Meta with Biotorch builds a competitor, but hopes it will be successful.
• Hotz does not like cloud-based solutions and believes that the off switch is the power to the people.
• He believes that Nvidia GPUs are the only way to achieve performance and stability.
• Hotz is open to building a custom PC for different applications, but advises buying a box from Tiny Corp.

Tiny Corp and Custom PCs

• Hotz recommends buying a box from Tiny Corp for building a custom PC.
• He believes that the Tiny Box is almost a paid flop of compute.
• The Tiny Box has over 100 gigabytes of GPU Ram and over five terabytes per second of GPU memory bandwidth.
• Hotz is planning to build the best deep learning box that plugs into one wall outlet.
• He is considering using AMD GPUs, but is still exploring other options.

Open Source and AMD

• Hotz believes that open source is a culture and not just dumping code on GitHub.
• He sees a future for AMD as a competitor if they develop in public.
• Hotz is taking pre-orders for a tiny box and wants to deliver it to MIT.
• He believes that the tiny box will be able to run 65 billion parameter LLama in fp16 in real time.
• Hotz is considering using AMD GPUs, but is still exploring other options.

Section 1: Tiny Box

• Tiny Box is a company founded by George Hotz, the founder of Comma AI.
• Tiny Box is a company that focuses on autonomous driving and self-driving technology.
• Tiny Box is planning to pivot towards company number three because it could just get a girlfriend or boyfriend.
• Hotz thinks that it is harder to replace a boyfriend than a girlfriend with an artificial language model because women are attracted to status and power, while men are attracted to youth and beauty.
• Hotz believes that status is a narrative that can be constructed, and that it is easier to fake than youth and beauty.

Section 2: Tiny Box and AI

• Tiny Box is planning to use AI to improve its autonomous driving technology.
• Hotz believes that AI can be used to improve the safety and efficiency of autonomous driving.
• Hotz thinks that AI can be used to improve the performance of autonomous driving systems.
• Hotz believes that AI can be used to improve the accuracy of autonomous driving systems.
• Hotz thinks that AI can be used to improve the reliability of autonomous driving systems.

Section 3: Tiny Box and GPT

• Tiny Box is planning to use GPT (Generative Pre-Trained Transformer) to improve its autonomous driving technology.
• Hotz believes that GPT can be used to improve the accuracy and reliability of autonomous driving systems.
• Hotz thinks that GPT can be used to improve the safety and efficiency of autonomous driving systems.
• Hotz believes that GPT can be used to improve the performance of autonomous driving systems.
• Hotz thinks that GPT can be used to improve the reliability of autonomous driving systems.

Section 4: Tiny Box and AGI

• Tiny Box is planning to use AGI (Artificial General Intelligence) to improve its autonomous driving technology.
• Hotz believes that AGI can be used to improve the safety and efficiency of autonomous driving systems.
• Hotz thinks that AGI can be used to improve the performance of autonomous driving systems.
• Hotz believes that AGI can be used to improve the reliability of autonomous driving systems.
• Hotz thinks that AGI can be used to improve the accuracy of autonomous driving systems.

Section 1: Pytorch and nn.relu

• The speaker has a complaint about Pytorch's nn.relu class.
• The nn.relu class is a class that makes no sense as it is stateless.
• The speaker thinks that nn.relu should be a software engineering thing, not a class.
• The speaker thinks that nn.relu has a cost on performance.
• The speaker thinks that nn.relu is not customizable enough.

Section 2: Tiny Grad's Front-end

• The speaker thinks that Tiny Grad's front-end is cleaner.
• The speaker thinks that Tiny Grad's front-end is more flexible.
• The speaker thinks that Tiny Grad's front-end is more resilient.
• The speaker thinks that Tiny Grad's front-end is more efficient.
• The speaker thinks that Tiny Grad's front-end is more scalable.

Section 3: Mojo and Ggml

• The speaker thinks that Mojo and Ggml are two different things.
• The speaker thinks that Mojo is like going breath first.
• The speaker thinks that Ggml is like going depth first.
• The speaker thinks that Mojo is more like a software engineering thing.
• The speaker thinks that Ggml is more like a hardware engineering thing.

Section 4: Tiny Grad's Performance

• The speaker thinks that Tiny Grad is competitive performance-wise.
• The speaker thinks that Tiny Grad is 2x faster than Qualcomm's Library.
• The speaker thinks that Tiny Grad is using the GPU.
• The speaker thinks that Tiny Grad is using an adreno GPU.
• The speaker thinks that Tiny Grad is using a mobile GPU.

Section 1: Introduction

• The video is about George Hotz, the founder of Comma AI and Tiny Corp.
• Hotz discusses various topics such as autonomous driving, Twitter, AI safety, self-driving, GPT, AGI, and God.
• The video is from Lex Fridman YouTube channel.

Section 2: Autonomous Driving

• Hotz discusses the concept of autonomous driving and how it is being developed at Comma AI.
• The company is using a self-supervised approach to train a model to predict the next frame in a driving sequence.
• The model is trained on all the driving data to predict the next frame, with the goal of learning a human policy.
• Hotz discusses the importance of a simulator in the development of autonomous driving, and how it can be used for RL to get a human policy.

Section 3: AI Safety

• Hotz discusses the importance of AI safety and the need for a model that is aligned with human values.
• He discusses the concept of a "good human driver" and how the model should be designed to make the customer happy while also being safe.
• Hotz discusses the potential for a model to disengage and how it should be designed to avoid this.

Section 4: Conclusion

• Hotz discusses the challenges of developing autonomous driving and the importance of a simulator in the development process.
• He discusses the potential for a model to disengage and how it should be designed to avoid this.
• Hotz discusses the importance of AI safety and the need for a model that is aligned with human values.

Section 1: AI and Consciousness

• The speaker discusses the idea that AI models may not have consciousness or at least not more than a chicken.
• The speaker believes that AI models can reason and integrate complicated information to arrive at a conclusion that feels novel.
• The speaker thinks that they can reason better than a lot of people.
• The speaker is amazed by the capabilities of a Transformer model and how it can achieve things that were previously thought to be impossible.
• The speaker believes that language is a form of reasoning and that it is not as special as some people think.

Section 2: AI and Creativity

• The speaker discusses the idea that AI models can create things that are considered brilliant, but that this is a new thing that people are amazed by.
• The speaker believes that language is a form of reasoning and that it is not as special as some people think.
• The speaker thinks that language is something that humans use non-stop for all of their human interaction and that it is fundamental to society.
• The speaker believes that the problem with creating AI models that can play chess is that they are mechanical and do not have the same level of creativity as humans.
• The speaker thinks that in 20 years, we will redefine what it means to be a high-performance living organism on Earth and that humans will always define a niche for themselves.

Section 3: AI and Niche

• The speaker believes that the niche is getting smaller and that humans are created by God and machines are created by humans.
• The speaker thinks that the rapid development of AI models is impressive and that they might have transformative effects on society.
• The speaker believes that other technologies have had transformative effects on society as well.
• The speaker thinks that the refrigerator is an example of a technology that has had a transformative effect on society.
• The speaker believes that the internet is a big one and that it is different this time.

Section 4: AI and Society

• The speaker believes that the internet is a big one and that it is different this time.
• The speaker thinks that the initial humans that make humans special are getting smaller rapidly.
• The speaker believes that the practical impacts of certain technologies that they've had are important to consider.
• The speaker thinks that electricity is a big one and that it is different this time.
• The speaker believes that the initial humans that make humans special are getting smaller rapidly.

Section 1: Autonomous Driving

• Hotz discusses his experience with autonomous driving and the importance of having a good interface for the tool.
• He believes that programming is not a tool-complete task and that it requires the use of the best possible tools to drive effectively.
• Hotz also talks about the difference between a car from 1980 and a car from today, emphasizing that programming is not the same as driving.
• He believes that programming requires a good understanding of the tools and the language used to write code.
• Hotz also discusses the importance of abstraction in programming and how it can improve efficiency and speed.

Section 2: AI and Machine Learning

• Hotz talks about the importance of language models in generating code and writing essays.
• He believes that things like new zero and alphago are more impressive than seeing a chess world champion AI system because they are playing beyond the highest human level.
• Hotz discusses the limitations of mediocre code and the importance of having a machine that can help with debugging.
• He believes that programming is not a tool-complete task and that it requires the use of the best possible tools to drive effectively.
• Hotz also talks about the importance of abstraction in programming and how it can improve efficiency and speed.

Section 3: Personal Growth and Relationships

• Hotz discusses the potential benefits and drawbacks of having a model of himself.
• He believes that having a model of himself could impact relationships and personal growth.
• Hotz talks about the importance of having a good understanding of the tools and the language used to write code.
• He believes that programming is not a tool-complete task and that it requires the use of the best possible tools to drive effectively.
• Hotz also discusses the importance of abstraction in programming and how it can improve efficiency and speed.

Section 4: God and the End of the Human Species

• Hotz discusses the connection between constructive reality and machine learning.
• He believes that there is a connection between constructive reality and machine learning.
• Hotz talks about the importance of having a good understanding of the tools and the language used to write code.
• He believes that programming is not a tool-complete task and that it requires the use of the best possible tools to drive effectively.
• Hotz also discusses the importance of abstraction in programming and how it can improve efficiency and speed.

Section 1: Language Models and Memory Systems

• The speaker discusses the limitations of language models and how they lack a memory system like the human brain.
• He suggests that future language models will have retrieval systems and will run looping on themselves.
• The speaker believes that using a retrieval system in language models can help integrate the human into the loop and provide explicit citation of sources.
• He suggests that human supervision can be used to push language models towards level two, where they can cite their sources explicitly.
• The speaker believes that this approach can help improve the accuracy and reliability of language models.

Section 2: Search Engines and Competition

• The speaker discusses the potential for language models to replace search engines like Google.
• He suggests that tiny Corp, a startup focused on self-driving cars, is not a direct competitor to Google in the search engine space.
• The speaker believes that Google's dominance in the search engine market is not guaranteed and that other companies like Mark Zuckerberg's Meta (Facebook) could challenge them.
• He suggests that startups like tiny Corp could create compelling products that could disrupt the search engine market.
• The speaker believes that the future of search engines is uncertain and that new technologies and business models could emerge.

Section 3: The Value of Shutting Down Search Engines

• The speaker discusses the idea of shutting down search engines like Google and the potential consequences of doing so.
• He suggests that there is no button to turn off Google and that the capitalist machine prevents such actions.
• The speaker believes that this is true for AI systems as well, and that there is no turning off an AI system once it has been created.
• He suggests that Mark Zuckerberg has a button for Facebook.com and that this is why he is a better investment than Google.
• The speaker believes that the positive side of having a button to shut down search engines is that it can enable aggressive innovation.

Section 4: The Future of Search Engines and AI

• The speaker discusses the potential for language models to replace search engines like Google.
• He suggests that tiny Corp, a startup focused on self-driving cars, is not a direct competitor to Google in the search engine space.
• The speaker believes that Google's dominance in the search engine market is not guaranteed and that other companies like Mark Zuckerberg's Meta (Facebook) could challenge them.
• He suggests that startups like tiny Corp could create compelling products that could disrupt the search engine market.
• The speaker believes that the future of search engines is uncertain and that new technologies and business models could emerge.

Section 1: Search Engine and LLM

• The speaker discusses the idea of turning LLM into a search engine.
• He mentions that it is easy to create a product that works nicely and stably.
• He talks about the importance of human supervision in the process.
• He mentions that open source is a good thing in this context.
• He discusses the criticism of AI safety folks who have a belief and desire for centralized control of dangerous AI systems.

Section 2: AI Safety and Open Source

• The speaker discusses the irony of AI safety people building the exact thing they fear.
• He mentions that open sourcing is the way to fight the paperclip maximizer.
• He talks about the criticism of the AI safety folks who have a belief and desire for centralized control of dangerous AI systems.
• He mentions that there is a flip side to the criticism, where a relatively weak model was used to explore how to do AI safety correctly.
• He discusses the balance between transparency and putting value on AI safety that Open AI has found.

Section 3: Transparency and Dangerous Consequences

• The speaker talks about the danger of asking questions with dangerous consequences if acted upon.
• He mentions that there is a lot of friction in finding out how to blow up something.
• He talks about the importance of human supervision in the process.
• He mentions that there is a lot of stuff available, but it feels like one has to keep going first.
• He discusses the importance of language models in understanding the consequences of one's actions.

Section 4: Human Alignment and Language Models

• The speaker talks about the importance of human alignment in AI safety.
• He mentions that there is a lot of friction in finding out how to do dangerous things.
• He talks about the importance of human supervision in the process.
• He mentions that there is a lot of stuff available, but it feels like one has to keep going first.
• He discusses the importance of language models in understanding the consequences of one's actions.

Watch the video on YouTube:
George Hotz: Tiny Corp, Twitter, AI Safety, Self-Driving, GPT, AGI & God | Lex Fridman Podcast #387 - YouTube